Breed related odds ratio and anatomic distribution of canine mast cell tumours in Austria

Summary

Objective: An increased risk of mast cell tumours (MCT) in certain breeds has been described repeatedly in the literature. The incidence of MCTs for registered breeds in Austria, an estimate of the risk by means of the odds ratios based on breed as well as the anatomic localisation of MCTs were examined. Material and methods: In the first part of the study, the ranking of breeds in Austria based on 147,802 dogs with known breed (including mixed breed) was determined, based on those dogs included in the laboratory data base from 2000 to 2010. In the second part of the study, 476 dogs were identified with MCTs and analysed by age, sex, Patnaik grade of MCT and breed distribution. The odds ratios with confidence intervals were calculated for all breeds with skin tumours. Results: The age distribution showed a peak in the age group from 6.1 to 8.0 years; 70% of MCTs were localised to the head and trunk. No significant difference was found based on gender. The evaluation of the odds ratios showed that only four of the 20 of the most popular in Austria breeds (Boxer, Bernese Mountain Dog, Golden Retriever, Spaniel) had an increased risk; on the other hand, some breeds which have not been previously identified in the literature were indicated to have a significantly increased risk for MCT (e.g., Dogo Argentino, Tibetan Spaniel, Pyrenean Mountain Dog, Beauceron, and Austrian Smooth-haired Hound). Conclusion and clinical relevance: Because disease risk may influence the popularity of some currently rare breeds, consultation with breeders and owners regarding the identification of the breeds newly identified in this study as an increased risk for development of mast cell tumours is indicated.

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Ein erhöhtes Risiko für Mastzelltumoren bei bestimmten Hunderassen wurde in der Literatur mehrfach beschrieben. In der Studie wurde die Inzidenz von Mastzelltumoren sowie deren anatomische Lokalisation bei in Österreich registrierten Rassen untersucht und die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Auftretens dieser Neoplasie bei einzelnen Rassen anhand der Odds Ratio ermittelt. Material und Methoden: Im ersten Teil der Studie erfolgte eine Bestimmung der Popularitätsrangfolge von Hunderassen in Österreich anhand von 147.802 Hunden mit bekannter Rasse (inklusive Mischlinge), die im Studienzeitraum in die Labordatenbank eingetragen wurden. Im zweiten Teil der Studie wurden 476 Hunde mit Mastzelltumoren identifiziert und nach Alter, Geschlecht, Patnaik-Grad des Mastzelltumors und Rassenverteilung untersucht. Die Odds Ratio mit Konfidenzintervallen wurde für alle Rassen mit untersuchten Hauttumoren berechnet. Ergebnisse: Die Altersverteilung zeigte einen Gipfel in der Altersgruppe 6,1–8,0 Jahre; 70% der Mastzelltumoren waren am Kopf und Rumpf lokalisiert. Zwischen den Geschlechtern bestand kein signifikanter Unterschied. Nach Auswertung der Odds Ratio wiesen nur vier der 20 der in Österreich populärsten Hunderassen (Boxer, Berner Sennenhund, Golden Retriever, Spaniel) ein erhöhtes Risiko auf, während bei einigen in der Literatur bislang nicht erwähnten Rassen ein deutlich erhöhtes Risiko festzustellen war (z. B. Dogo Argentino, Tibetspaniel, Pyrenäenhund, Beauceron und Brandlbracke). Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Da sich die Popularität von derzeit seltenen Rassen ändern kann, ist eine Beratung von Züchtern und Besitzern in Hinblick auf Rassen mit hohem Risiko für einen Mastzelltumor wichtig.

Keywords

Dog breed - risk - mastocytoma - cytology - histopathology

Schlüsselwörter

Hunderasse - Risiko - Mastozytom - Zytologie - Histopathologie

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